"""Implements support for ground unit transfers between bases.

Ground units can be transferred between bases via a number of transport methods, and
doing so can take multiple turns.

There are a few main concepts here:

* A TransferOrder is a request to move units from one base to another. It is described
  by its origin, destination, current position, and contents. TransferOrders persist
  across turns, and if no Transport is available to move the units in a given turn it
  will have no Transport assigned.
* Transports: A Transport is the planned move of a group of units for a leg of the
  journey *this turn*. A Transport has an assigned mode of transportation and has
  vehicles assigned to move the units if needed. This might be a Convoy, a CargoShip, or
  an Airlift.

The TransportMap (more accurately, it's subtypes) is responsible for managing the
transports moving from A to B for the turn. Transfers that are moving between A and B
this turn will be added to the TransportMap, which will create a new transport if needed
or add the units to an existing transport if one exists. This allows transfers from
A->B->C and D->B->C to share a transport between B and C.

AirLifts do not use TransportMap because no merging will take place between orders. It
instead uses AirLiftPlanner to create transport packages.

PendingTransfers manages all the incomplete transfer orders for the game. New transfer
orders are registered with PendingTransfers and it is responsible for allocating
transports and processing the turn's transit actions.

Routing is handled by TransitNetwork.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import logging
import math
from collections import defaultdict
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from functools import singledispatchmethod
from typing import (
    Generic,
    Iterator,
    List,
    Optional,
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    TypeVar,
    Sequence,
)

from dcs.mapping import Point

from game.dcs.aircrafttype import AircraftType
from game.dcs.groundunittype import GroundUnitType
from game.procurement import AircraftProcurementRequest
from game.squadrons import Squadron
from game.theater import ControlPoint, MissionTarget
from game.theater.transitnetwork import (
    TransitConnection,
    TransitNetwork,
)
from game.utils import meters, nautical_miles
from gen.ato import Package
from gen.flights.ai_flight_planner_db import aircraft_for_task
from gen.flights.closestairfields import ObjectiveDistanceCache
from gen.flights.flight import Flight, FlightType
from gen.flights.flightplan import FlightPlanBuilder
from gen.naming import namegen

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from game import Game
    from game.inventory import ControlPointAircraftInventory


class Transport:
    def __init__(self, destination: ControlPoint):
        self.destination = destination

    def find_escape_route(self) -> Optional[ControlPoint]:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def description(self) -> str:
        raise NotImplementedError


@dataclass
class TransferOrder:
    """The base type of all transfer orders.

    A transfer order can transfer multiple units of multiple types.
    """

    #: The location the units are transferring from.
    origin: ControlPoint

    #: The location the units are transferring to.
    destination: ControlPoint

    #: The current position of the group being transferred. Groups may make multiple
    #: stops and can switch transport modes before reaching their destination.
    position: ControlPoint = field(init=False)

    #: True if the transfer order belongs to the player.
    player: bool = field(init=False)

    #: The units being transferred.
    units: dict[GroundUnitType, int]

    transport: Optional[Transport] = field(default=None)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Returns the text that should be displayed for the transfer."""
        count = self.size
        origin = self.origin.name
        destination = self.destination.name
        description = "Transfer" if self.player else "Enemy transfer"
        return f"{description} of {count} units from {origin} to {destination}"

    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
        self.position = self.origin
        self.player = self.origin.is_friendly(to_player=True)

    @property
    def description(self) -> str:
        if self.transport is None:
            return "No transports available"
        return self.transport.description()

    def kill_all(self) -> None:
        self.units.clear()

    def kill_unit(self, unit_type: GroundUnitType) -> None:
        if unit_type not in self.units or not self.units[unit_type]:
            raise KeyError(f"{self} has no {unit_type} remaining")
        self.units[unit_type] -= 1

    @property
    def size(self) -> int:
        return sum(self.units.values())

    def iter_units(self) -> Iterator[GroundUnitType]:
        for unit_type, count in self.units.items():
            for _ in range(count):
                yield unit_type

    @property
    def completed(self) -> bool:
        return self.destination == self.position or not self.size

    def disband_at(self, location: ControlPoint) -> None:
        logging.info(f"Units halting at {location}.")
        location.base.commission_units(self.units)
        self.units.clear()

    @property
    def next_stop(self) -> ControlPoint:
        if self.transport is None:
            raise RuntimeError(
                "TransferOrder.next_stop called with no transport assigned"
            )
        return self.transport.destination

    def proceed(self) -> None:
        if self.transport is None:
            return

        if not self.destination.is_friendly(self.player):
            logging.info(f"Transfer destination {self.destination} was captured.")
            if self.position.is_friendly(self.player):
                self.disband_at(self.position)
            elif (escape_route := self.transport.find_escape_route()) is not None:
                self.disband_at(escape_route)
            else:
                logging.info(
                    f"No escape route available. Units were surrounded and destroyed "
                    "during transfer."
                )
                self.kill_all()
            return

        self.position = self.next_stop
        self.transport = None

        if self.completed:
            self.disband_at(self.position)


class Airlift(Transport):
    """A transfer order that moves units by cargo planes and helicopters."""

    def __init__(
        self, transfer: TransferOrder, flight: Flight, next_stop: ControlPoint
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__(next_stop)
        self.transfer = transfer
        self.flight = flight

    @property
    def units(self) -> dict[GroundUnitType, int]:
        return self.transfer.units

    @property
    def player_owned(self) -> bool:
        return self.transfer.player

    def find_escape_route(self) -> Optional[ControlPoint]:
        # TODO: Move units to closest base.
        return None

    def description(self) -> str:
        return (
            f"Being airlifted from {self.transfer.position} to {self.destination} by "
            f"{self.flight}"
        )


class AirliftPlanner:
    #: Maximum range from for any link in the route of takeoff, pickup, dropoff, and RTB
    #: for a helicopter to be considered for airlift. Total route length is not
    #: considered because the helicopter can refuel at each stop. Cargo planes have no
    #: maximum range.
    HELO_MAX_RANGE = nautical_miles(100)

    def __init__(
        self, game: Game, transfer: TransferOrder, next_stop: ControlPoint
    ) -> None:
        self.game = game
        self.transfer = transfer
        self.next_stop = next_stop
        self.for_player = transfer.destination.captured
        self.package = Package(target=next_stop, auto_asap=True)

    def compatible_with_mission(
        self, unit_type: AircraftType, airfield: ControlPoint
    ) -> bool:
        if unit_type not in aircraft_for_task(FlightType.TRANSPORT):
            return False
        if not self.transfer.origin.can_operate(unit_type):
            return False
        if not self.next_stop.can_operate(unit_type):
            return False

        # Cargo planes have no maximum range.
        if not unit_type.dcs_unit_type.helicopter:
            return True

        # A helicopter that is transport capable and able to operate at both bases. Need
        # to check that no leg of the journey exceeds the maximum range. This doesn't
        # account for any routing around threats that might take place, but it's close
        # enough.

        home = airfield.position
        pickup = self.transfer.position.position
        drop_off = self.transfer.position.position
        if meters(home.distance_to_point(pickup)) > self.HELO_MAX_RANGE:
            return False

        if meters(pickup.distance_to_point(drop_off)) > self.HELO_MAX_RANGE:
            return False

        if meters(drop_off.distance_to_point(home)) > self.HELO_MAX_RANGE:
            return False

        return True

    def create_package_for_airlift(self) -> None:
        distance_cache = ObjectiveDistanceCache.get_closest_airfields(
            self.transfer.position
        )
        air_wing = self.game.air_wing_for(self.for_player)
        for cp in distance_cache.closest_airfields:
            if cp.captured != self.for_player:
                continue

            inventory = self.game.aircraft_inventory.for_control_point(cp)
            for unit_type, available in inventory.all_aircraft:
                squadrons = air_wing.auto_assignable_for_task_with_type(
                    unit_type, FlightType.TRANSPORT
                )
                for squadron in squadrons:
                    if self.compatible_with_mission(unit_type, cp):
                        while (
                            available
                            and squadron.has_available_pilots
                            and self.transfer.transport is None
                        ):
                            flight_size = self.create_airlift_flight(
                                squadron, inventory
                            )
                            available -= flight_size
        if self.package.flights:
            self.game.ato_for(self.for_player).add_package(self.package)

    def create_airlift_flight(
        self, squadron: Squadron, inventory: ControlPointAircraftInventory
    ) -> int:
        available_aircraft = inventory.available(squadron.aircraft)
        capacity_each = 1 if squadron.aircraft.dcs_unit_type.helicopter else 2
        required = math.ceil(self.transfer.size / capacity_each)
        flight_size = min(
            required,
            available_aircraft,
            squadron.aircraft.dcs_unit_type.group_size_max,
            squadron.number_of_available_pilots,
        )
        capacity = flight_size * capacity_each

        if capacity < self.transfer.size:
            transfer = self.game.transfers.split_transfer(self.transfer, capacity)
        else:
            transfer = self.transfer

        player = inventory.control_point.captured
        flight = Flight(
            self.package,
            self.game.country_for(player),
            squadron,
            flight_size,
            FlightType.TRANSPORT,
            self.game.settings.default_start_type,
            departure=inventory.control_point,
            arrival=inventory.control_point,
            divert=None,
            cargo=transfer,
        )

        transport = Airlift(transfer, flight, self.next_stop)
        transfer.transport = transport

        self.package.add_flight(flight)
        planner = FlightPlanBuilder(self.game, self.package, self.for_player)
        planner.populate_flight_plan(flight)
        self.game.aircraft_inventory.claim_for_flight(flight)
        return flight_size


class MultiGroupTransport(MissionTarget, Transport):
    def __init__(
        self, name: str, origin: ControlPoint, destination: ControlPoint
    ) -> None:
        MissionTarget.__init__(self, name, origin.position)
        Transport.__init__(self, destination)
        self.origin = origin
        self.transfers: List[TransferOrder] = []

    def is_friendly(self, to_player: bool) -> bool:
        return self.origin.captured

    def add_units(self, transfer: TransferOrder) -> None:
        self.transfers.append(transfer)
        transfer.transport = self

    def remove_units(self, transfer: TransferOrder) -> None:
        transfer.transport = None
        self.transfers.remove(transfer)

    def kill_unit(self, unit_type: GroundUnitType) -> None:
        for transfer in self.transfers:
            try:
                transfer.kill_unit(unit_type)
                return
            except KeyError:
                pass
        raise KeyError

    def kill_all(self) -> None:
        for transfer in self.transfers:
            transfer.kill_all()

    def disband(self) -> None:
        for transfer in list(self.transfers):
            self.remove_units(transfer)
        self.transfers.clear()

    @property
    def size(self) -> int:
        return sum(t.size for t in self.transfers)

    @property
    def units(self) -> dict[GroundUnitType, int]:
        units: dict[GroundUnitType, int] = defaultdict(int)
        for transfer in self.transfers:
            for unit_type, count in transfer.units.items():
                units[unit_type] += count
        return units

    def iter_units(self) -> Iterator[GroundUnitType]:
        for unit_type, count in self.units.items():
            for _ in range(count):
                yield unit_type

    @property
    def player_owned(self) -> bool:
        return self.origin.captured

    def find_escape_route(self) -> Optional[ControlPoint]:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def description(self) -> str:
        raise NotImplementedError


class Convoy(MultiGroupTransport):
    def __init__(self, origin: ControlPoint, destination: ControlPoint) -> None:
        super().__init__(namegen.next_convoy_name(), origin, destination)

    def mission_types(self, for_player: bool) -> Iterator[FlightType]:
        if self.is_friendly(for_player):
            return

        yield FlightType.BAI
        yield from super().mission_types(for_player)

    @property
    def route_start(self) -> Point:
        return self.origin.convoy_origin_for(self.destination)

    @property
    def route_end(self) -> Point:
        return self.destination.convoy_origin_for(self.origin)

    def description(self) -> str:
        return f"In a convoy from {self.origin} to {self.destination}"

    def find_escape_route(self) -> Optional[ControlPoint]:
        return None


class CargoShip(MultiGroupTransport):
    def __init__(self, origin: ControlPoint, destination: ControlPoint) -> None:
        super().__init__(namegen.next_cargo_ship_name(), origin, destination)

    def mission_types(self, for_player: bool) -> Iterator[FlightType]:
        if self.is_friendly(for_player):
            return

        yield FlightType.ANTISHIP
        yield from super().mission_types(for_player)

    @property
    def route(self) -> Sequence[Point]:
        return self.origin.shipping_lanes[self.destination]

    def description(self) -> str:
        return f"On a ship from {self.origin} to {self.destination}"

    def find_escape_route(self) -> Optional[ControlPoint]:
        return None


TransportType = TypeVar("TransportType", bound=MultiGroupTransport)


class TransportMap(Generic[TransportType]):
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        # Dict of origin -> destination -> transport.
        self.transports: dict[
            ControlPoint, dict[ControlPoint, TransportType]
        ] = defaultdict(dict)

    def create_transport(
        self, origin: ControlPoint, destination: ControlPoint
    ) -> TransportType:
        raise NotImplementedError

    def transport_exists(self, origin: ControlPoint, destination: ControlPoint) -> bool:
        return destination in self.transports[origin]

    def find_transport(
        self, origin: ControlPoint, destination: ControlPoint
    ) -> Optional[TransportType]:
        return self.transports[origin].get(destination)

    def find_or_create_transport(
        self, origin: ControlPoint, destination: ControlPoint
    ) -> TransportType:
        transport = self.find_transport(origin, destination)
        if transport is None:
            transport = self.create_transport(origin, destination)
            self.transports[origin][destination] = transport
        return transport

    def departing_from(self, origin: ControlPoint) -> Iterator[TransportType]:
        yield from self.transports[origin].values()

    def travelling_to(self, destination: ControlPoint) -> Iterator[TransportType]:
        for destination_dict in self.transports.values():
            if destination in destination_dict:
                yield destination_dict[destination]

    def disband_transport(self, transport: TransportType) -> None:
        transport.disband()
        del self.transports[transport.origin][transport.destination]

    def add(self, transfer: TransferOrder, next_stop: ControlPoint) -> None:
        self.find_or_create_transport(transfer.position, next_stop).add_units(transfer)

    def remove(self, transport: TransportType, transfer: TransferOrder) -> None:
        transport.remove_units(transfer)
        if not transport.transfers:
            self.disband_transport(transport)

    def disband_all(self) -> None:
        for transport in list(self):
            self.disband_transport(transport)

    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[TransportType]:
        for destination_dict in self.transports.values():
            yield from destination_dict.values()


class ConvoyMap(TransportMap):
    def create_transport(
        self, origin: ControlPoint, destination: ControlPoint
    ) -> Convoy:
        return Convoy(origin, destination)


class CargoShipMap(TransportMap):
    def create_transport(
        self, origin: ControlPoint, destination: ControlPoint
    ) -> CargoShip:
        return CargoShip(origin, destination)


class PendingTransfers:
    def __init__(self, game: Game) -> None:
        self.game = game
        self.convoys = ConvoyMap()
        self.cargo_ships = CargoShipMap()
        self.pending_transfers: List[TransferOrder] = []

    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[TransferOrder]:
        yield from self.pending_transfers

    @property
    def pending_transfer_count(self) -> int:
        return len(self.pending_transfers)

    def transfer_at_index(self, index: int) -> TransferOrder:
        return self.pending_transfers[index]

    def index_of_transfer(self, transfer: TransferOrder) -> int:
        return self.pending_transfers.index(transfer)

    def network_for(self, control_point: ControlPoint) -> TransitNetwork:
        return self.game.transit_network_for(control_point.captured)

    def arrange_transport(self, transfer: TransferOrder) -> None:
        network = self.network_for(transfer.position)
        path = network.shortest_path_between(transfer.position, transfer.destination)
        next_stop = path[0]
        if network.link_type(transfer.position, next_stop) == TransitConnection.Road:
            self.convoys.add(transfer, next_stop)
        elif (
            network.link_type(transfer.position, next_stop)
            == TransitConnection.Shipping
        ):
            self.cargo_ships.add(transfer, next_stop)
        else:
            AirliftPlanner(self.game, transfer, next_stop).create_package_for_airlift()

    def new_transfer(self, transfer: TransferOrder) -> None:
        transfer.origin.base.commit_losses(transfer.units)
        self.pending_transfers.append(transfer)
        self.arrange_transport(transfer)

    def split_transfer(self, transfer: TransferOrder, size: int) -> TransferOrder:
        """Creates a smaller transfer that is a subset of the original."""
        if transfer.size <= size:
            raise ValueError

        units = {}
        for unit_type, remaining in transfer.units.items():
            take = min(remaining, size)
            size -= take
            transfer.units[unit_type] -= take
            units[unit_type] = take
            if not size:
                break
        new_transfer = TransferOrder(transfer.origin, transfer.destination, units)
        self.pending_transfers.append(new_transfer)
        return new_transfer

    @singledispatchmethod
    def cancel_transport(self, transport, transfer: TransferOrder) -> None:
        pass

    @cancel_transport.register
    def _cancel_transport_air(
        self, transport: Airlift, _transfer: TransferOrder
    ) -> None:
        flight = transport.flight
        flight.package.remove_flight(flight)
        if not flight.package.flights:
            self.game.ato_for(transport.player_owned).remove_package(flight.package)
        self.game.aircraft_inventory.return_from_flight(flight)
        flight.clear_roster()

    @cancel_transport.register
    def _cancel_transport_convoy(
        self, transport: Convoy, transfer: TransferOrder
    ) -> None:
        self.convoys.remove(transport, transfer)

    @cancel_transport.register
    def _cancel_transport_cargo_ship(
        self, transport: CargoShip, transfer: TransferOrder
    ) -> None:
        self.cargo_ships.remove(transport, transfer)

    def cancel_transfer(self, transfer: TransferOrder) -> None:
        if transfer.transport is not None:
            self.cancel_transport(transfer.transport, transfer)
        self.pending_transfers.remove(transfer)
        transfer.origin.base.commission_units(transfer.units)

    def perform_transfers(self) -> None:
        incomplete = []
        for transfer in self.pending_transfers:
            transfer.proceed()
            if not transfer.completed:
                incomplete.append(transfer)
        self.pending_transfers = incomplete
        self.convoys.disband_all()
        self.cargo_ships.disband_all()

    def plan_transports(self) -> None:
        for transfer in self.pending_transfers:
            if transfer.transport is None:
                self.arrange_transport(transfer)

    def order_airlift_assets(self) -> None:
        for control_point in self.game.theater.controlpoints:
            if self.game.air_wing_for(control_point.captured).can_auto_plan(
                FlightType.TRANSPORT
            ):
                self.order_airlift_assets_at(control_point)

    @staticmethod
    def desired_airlift_capacity(control_point: ControlPoint) -> int:
        return 4 if control_point.has_factory else 0

    def current_airlift_capacity(self, control_point: ControlPoint) -> int:
        inventory = self.game.aircraft_inventory.for_control_point(control_point)
        squadrons = self.game.air_wing_for(
            control_point.captured
        ).auto_assignable_for_task(FlightType.TRANSPORT)
        unit_types = {s.aircraft for s in squadrons}
        return sum(
            count
            for unit_type, count in inventory.all_aircraft
            if unit_type in unit_types
        )

    def order_airlift_assets_at(self, control_point: ControlPoint) -> None:
        gap = self.desired_airlift_capacity(
            control_point
        ) - self.current_airlift_capacity(control_point)

        if gap <= 0:
            return

        if gap % 2:
            # Always buy in pairs since we're not trying to fill odd squadrons. Purely
            # aesthetic.
            gap += 1

        self.game.procurement_requests_for(player=control_point.captured).append(
            AircraftProcurementRequest(
                control_point, nautical_miles(200), FlightType.TRANSPORT, gap
            )
        )