196 lines
4.9 KiB
Python

from __future__ import annotations
import itertools
import math
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Union
METERS_TO_FEET = 3.28084
FEET_TO_METERS = 1 / METERS_TO_FEET
NM_TO_METERS = 1852
METERS_TO_NM = 1 / NM_TO_METERS
KNOTS_TO_KPH = 1.852
KPH_TO_KNOTS = 1 / KNOTS_TO_KPH
MS_TO_KPH = 3.6
KPH_TO_MS = 1 / MS_TO_KPH
def heading_sum(h, a) -> int:
h += a
if h > 360:
return h - 360
elif h < 0:
return 360 + h
else:
return h
def opposite_heading(h):
return heading_sum(h, 180)
@dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
class Distance:
distance_in_meters: float
@property
def feet(self) -> float:
return self.distance_in_meters * METERS_TO_FEET
@property
def meters(self) -> float:
return self.distance_in_meters
@property
def nautical_miles(self) -> float:
return self.distance_in_meters * METERS_TO_NM
@classmethod
def from_feet(cls, value: float) -> Distance:
return cls(value * FEET_TO_METERS)
@classmethod
def from_meters(cls, value: float) -> Distance:
return cls(value)
@classmethod
def from_nautical_miles(cls, value: float) -> Distance:
return cls(value * NM_TO_METERS)
@classmethod
def inf(cls) -> Distance:
return cls.from_meters(math.inf)
def __add__(self, other: Distance) -> Distance:
return meters(self.meters + other.meters)
def __sub__(self, other: Distance) -> Distance:
return meters(self.meters - other.meters)
def __mul__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Distance:
return meters(self.meters * other)
def __truediv__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Distance:
return meters(self.meters / other)
def __floordiv__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Distance:
return meters(self.meters // other)
def __bool__(self) -> bool:
return not math.isclose(self.meters, 0.0)
def feet(value: float) -> Distance:
return Distance.from_feet(value)
def meters(value: float) -> Distance:
return Distance.from_meters(value)
def nautical_miles(value: float) -> Distance:
return Distance.from_nautical_miles(value)
@dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
class Speed:
speed_in_kph: float
@property
def knots(self) -> float:
return self.speed_in_kph * KPH_TO_KNOTS
@property
def kph(self) -> float:
return self.speed_in_kph
@property
def meters_per_second(self) -> float:
return self.speed_in_kph * KPH_TO_MS
def mach(self, altitude: Distance = meters(0)) -> float:
c_sound = mach(1, altitude)
return self.speed_in_kph / c_sound.kph
@classmethod
def from_knots(cls, value: float) -> Speed:
return cls(value * KNOTS_TO_KPH)
@classmethod
def from_kph(cls, value: float) -> Speed:
return cls(value)
@classmethod
def from_meters_per_second(cls, value: float) -> Speed:
return cls(value * MS_TO_KPH)
@classmethod
def from_mach(cls, value: float, altitude: Distance) -> Speed:
# https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/atmos.html
if altitude <= feet(36152):
temperature_f = 59 - 0.00356 * altitude.feet
else:
# There's another formula for altitudes over 82k feet, but we better
# not be planning waypoints that high...
temperature_f = -70
temperature_k = (temperature_f + 459.67) * (5 / 9)
# https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/specific-heat-ratio-d_602.html
# Dependent on temperature, but varies very little (+/-0.001)
# between -40F and 180F.
heat_capacity_ratio = 1.4
# https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/sound.html
gas_constant = 286 # m^2/s^2/K
c_sound = math.sqrt(heat_capacity_ratio * gas_constant * temperature_k)
return mps(c_sound) * value
def __add__(self, other: Speed) -> Speed:
return kph(self.kph + other.kph)
def __sub__(self, other: Speed) -> Speed:
return kph(self.kph - other.kph)
def __mul__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Speed:
return kph(self.kph * other)
def __truediv__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Speed:
return kph(self.kph / other)
def __floordiv__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Speed:
return kph(self.kph // other)
def __bool__(self) -> bool:
return not math.isclose(self.kph, 0.0)
def knots(value: float) -> Speed:
return Speed.from_knots(value)
def kph(value: float) -> Speed:
return Speed.from_kph(value)
def mps(value: float) -> Speed:
return Speed.from_meters_per_second(value)
def mach(value: float, altitude: Distance) -> Speed:
return Speed.from_mach(value, altitude)
SPEED_OF_SOUND_AT_SEA_LEVEL = knots(661.5)
def pairwise(iterable):
"""
itertools recipe
s -> (s0,s1), (s1,s2), (s2, s3), ...
"""
a, b = itertools.tee(iterable)
next(b, None)
return zip(a, b)