from __future__ import annotations

import math
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Union

METERS_TO_FEET = 3.28084
FEET_TO_METERS = 1 / METERS_TO_FEET
NM_TO_METERS = 1852
METERS_TO_NM = 1 / NM_TO_METERS

KNOTS_TO_KPH = 1.852
KPH_TO_KNOTS = 1 / KNOTS_TO_KPH
MS_TO_KPH = 3.6
KPH_TO_MS = 1 / MS_TO_KPH


def heading_sum(h, a) -> int:
    h += a
    if h > 360:
        return h - 360
    elif h < 0:
        return 360 + h
    else:
        return h


def opposite_heading(h):
    return heading_sum(h, 180)


@dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
class Distance:
    distance_in_meters: float

    @property
    def feet(self) -> float:
        return self.distance_in_meters * METERS_TO_FEET

    @property
    def meters(self) -> float:
        return self.distance_in_meters

    @property
    def nautical_miles(self) -> float:
        return self.distance_in_meters * METERS_TO_NM

    @classmethod
    def from_feet(cls, value: float) -> Distance:
        return cls(value * FEET_TO_METERS)

    @classmethod
    def from_meters(cls, value: float) -> Distance:
        return cls(value)

    @classmethod
    def from_nautical_miles(cls, value: float) -> Distance:
        return cls(value * NM_TO_METERS)

    def __add__(self, other: Distance) -> Distance:
        return meters(self.meters + other.meters)

    def __sub__(self, other: Distance) -> Distance:
        return meters(self.meters - other.meters)

    def __mul__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Distance:
        return meters(self.meters * other)

    def __truediv__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Distance:
        return meters(self.meters / other)

    def __floordiv__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Distance:
        return meters(self.meters // other)


def feet(value: float) -> Distance:
    return Distance.from_feet(value)


def meters(value: float) -> Distance:
    return Distance.from_meters(value)


def nautical_miles(value: float) -> Distance:
    return Distance.from_nautical_miles(value)


@dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
class Speed:
    speed_in_kph: float

    @property
    def knots(self) -> float:
        return self.speed_in_kph * KPH_TO_KNOTS

    @property
    def kph(self) -> float:
        return self.speed_in_kph

    @property
    def meters_per_second(self) -> float:
        return self.speed_in_kph * KPH_TO_MS

    def mach(self, altitude: Distance = meters(0)) -> float:
        c_sound = mach(1, altitude)
        return self.speed_in_kph / c_sound.kph

    @classmethod
    def from_knots(cls, value: float) -> Speed:
        return cls(value * KNOTS_TO_KPH)

    @classmethod
    def from_kph(cls, value: float) -> Speed:
        return cls(value)

    @classmethod
    def from_meters_per_second(cls, value: float) -> Speed:
        return cls(value * MS_TO_KPH)

    @classmethod
    def from_mach(cls, value: float, altitude: Distance) -> Speed:
        # https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/atmos.html
        if altitude <= feet(36152):
            temperature_f = 59 - 0.00356 * altitude.feet
        else:
            # There's another formula for altitudes over 82k feet, but we better
            # not be planning waypoints that high...
            temperature_f = -70

        temperature_k = (temperature_f + 459.67) * (5 / 9)

        # https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/specific-heat-ratio-d_602.html
        # Dependent on temperature, but varies very little (+/-0.001)
        # between -40F and 180F.
        heat_capacity_ratio = 1.4

        # https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/sound.html
        gas_constant = 286  # m^2/s^2/K
        c_sound = math.sqrt(heat_capacity_ratio * gas_constant * temperature_k)
        return mps(c_sound) * value

    def __add__(self, other: Speed) -> Speed:
        return kph(self.kph + other.kph)

    def __sub__(self, other: Speed) -> Speed:
        return kph(self.kph - other.kph)

    def __mul__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Speed:
        return kph(self.kph * other)

    def __truediv__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Speed:
        return kph(self.kph / other)

    def __floordiv__(self, other: Union[float, int]) -> Speed:
        return kph(self.kph // other)


def knots(value: float) -> Speed:
    return Speed.from_knots(value)


def kph(value: float) -> Speed:
    return Speed.from_kph(value)


def mps(value: float) -> Speed:
    return Speed.from_meters_per_second(value)


def mach(value: float, altitude: Distance) -> Speed:
    return Speed.from_mach(value, altitude)


SPEED_OF_SOUND_AT_SEA_LEVEL = knots(661.5)