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wifipineapple-wiki/legacy/compatible_modems.md
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Compatible Modems

Mobile Broadband (3G/4G) modems are a great way to provide an Internet connection to your mobile WiFi Pineapple. Typically there are two types of modems - traditional USB dongles and newer personal hotspots supporting USB tethering.

USB Mobile Broadband Modems

Firstly in order for a USB Mobile Broadband Modem to function with the WiFi Pineapple it needs to be supported by the Pineapple Firmware. Thanks to USB ModeSwitch the WiFi Pineapple has support for over 300 modems. This is to say that recognized modems will be modeswitched, allowing them to transition from being USB Mass Storage devices into being USB Serial devices, which is what we need in order to be able to use them.

The second part of the equation is successful carrier configuration. The parameters required include an Interface Name, Protocol, Service, Device, APN, Username, Password, Default Route, PPP Redial, Peer DNS, DNS, Keepalive, and PPPD Options. These can be set from Network > Mobile Broadband from the WiFi Pineapple web UI. Most of these parameters, such as APN and Username, will depend on your carrier.

Personal Hotspots supporting USB Tethering

The process for these is very similar to automatic Internet Connection Sharing with tethered Android phones (Froyo and newer). These newer types of Mobile Broadband Modems are often easier to configure since the hotspot device manages the connection, rather than the WiFi Pineapple. This alleviates the operating system from needing to deal with connection interruptions, redial attempts and other networking issues the arise in Mobile Broadband connections.

A Personal Hotspot with a USB Tethering feature (occasionally referred to as Ethernet over USB) will automatically enumerate as a new interface (usb0) similarly to how an Ethernet interface would (eth0). The Personal Hotspot usually runs a DHCP server and will assign the new usb0 interface an IP address, which the WiFi Pineapple will accept as its default gateway.

Its for this reason that a personal hotspot supporting USB tethering is the ideal choice as it requires little to no configuration. However, the hardware may be more expensive than a traditional USB dongle, and combined with an Ethernet cable, will also take up more space which may be undesirable if the Pineapple is being using as a drop box.

Current Modem Pool

Table updated Sept, 14, 2014.

Carrier Manufacturer Adapter Speed Type Connection Method Support Vendor/Product ID Notes
Many Many Android Froyo or better Variable Phone Device configuration, Ethernet over USB Confirmed Various OpenWRT USB Tethering doc
Verizon Novatel MiFi 5510L LTE HotSpot Device configuration, Ethernet over USB unconfirmed Verizon 5510 Manual -PDF-
Verizon Pantech MHS291L LTE HotSpot USB_ModeSwitch, Ethernet over USB unconfirmed 10a9:6080 -> 10a9:6085 Forum post on tethering
Verizon Pantech UML290 LTE USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup unconfirmed 106c:3b11 -> 106c:3718
T-Mobile ZTE MF591 HSPA+ USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 19d2:1523 -> 19d2:1525
Virgin Novatel MC760 EVDO USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 1410:5031 -> 1410:6002
Ting Novatel MC760 EVDO USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 1410:5030 -> 1410:6000
Unlocked Huawei E160/169/173/220/230/279/353 HSDPA USB insmod, dialup unconfirmed many Hak5 Forum post
Unlocked Huawei E160 HSDPA USB insmod, dialup confirmed 12d1:140c Hak5 Forum post
Unlocked Huawei E173 HSDPA USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 12d1:1436 Hak5 Forum post
Unlocked Huawei E160G HSDPA USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 12d1:140c -> 12d1:140c Hak5 Forum post
Unlocked Huawei E353 HSDPA USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 12d1:1f01 -> 12d1:14db Hak5 Forum post
Unlocked Huawei E169/E1750 HSDPA USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 12d1:1001 Hak5 Forum post
Unlocked Huawei E173s HSDPA USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 12d1:1c05 Hak5 Forum post
Sprint Novatel MiFi 500 LTE USB Device configuration, Ethernet over USB unconfirmed Sprint MiFi 500 Manual -PDF-
Sprint Netgear Zing LTE USB Device configuration, Ethernet over USB unconfirmed Sprint NETGEAR Zing eGuide
FreedomPop ? Photon WiMax USB Automatic, Ethernet over USB confirmed 19f2:1700
T-Mobile Huawei E398 (Speedstick Basic) HSPA+ USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 12d1:14fe -> 12d1:1506 T-Mobile Speedstick Manual -PDF-
Unlocked Huawei E5830 HSPA+ USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup unconfirmed OpenWRT Forum post
Unlocked Huawei E355 HSPA+ USB cdc_ncm confirmed []
? Novatel MiFi 5510 LTE USB RNDIS_HOST confirmed Hak5 Forum post
T-Mobile ? HUA-UMG366 Jet 2.0 USB Modem HSPA+ USB tty confirmed Hak5 Forum post
Verizon Pantech UML295 LTE USB cdc_ether confirmed Hak5 Forum post
Many Nokia n900 Variable Phone Serial over USB (cdc_acm) confirmed needs kmod-usb-acm, then use /dev/ttyACM0 Hak5 Forum post
T-Mobile Huawei HUA-UMG366 LTE USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup none network.wan2.pppd_options=noauth[Hak5 Forum post]
Unlocked ZTE MF662 LTE USB USB_ModeSwitch, dialup confirmed 19d2:0017 use /dev/ttyUSB1

Example USB Mobile Broadband Modem Configuration

Below is the configuration for a Novatel MC760 on the Ting network. Usage on other networks should be similar:

  • Interface Name: ppp0 This is almost always ppp0
  • Protocol: 3g This is almost always 3g
  • Service: cdma For an EVDO-based carrier (Verizon/Sprint in the US), this value will be cdma or evdo. For a GSM-based carrier, this value will be umts. Also note that some Novatel modems support the umts_only and gprs_only value.
  • Device: /dev/ttyUSB0 This is the serial device the modem has been enumerated as, either on its own or with the aid of USB_ModeSwitch. There are often three - ttyUSB0, ttyUSB1 and ttyUSB3 - of which ttyUSB0 is usually the modem and the other two are used as control channels.
  • Username: internet The carrier Ting requires a username/password. Your carrier may require a different value or none at all.
  • Password: internet Just like with the Username field, this may or may not be required.
  • APN: This field is only used with GSM carriers. For CDMA carriers, this field is left intentionally blank.
  • Default Route: 1 A value of 1 sets the 3g modem to your WiFi Pineapple's default Internet gateway for itself and connected clients. 0 will cause the routing settings on your Pineapple to not be changed after the connection is initiated.
  • PPP Redial: persist This will the same for nearly all configurations.
  • Peer DNS: 0 A value of 1 will accept the DNS settings provided by the carrier's DHCP server. Entering 0 instead will allow you to specify your own.
  • DNS: 8.8.8.8 This field is only valid if you entered 0 into the Peer DNS field. You may specify any DNS Server you wish. A common choice is the one run by Google, as above.
  • Keep Alive: 1 Sets how many disconnects are required before a redial is attempted.
  • PPPD Options: debug This setting is only required by certain modems. Otherwise, most modems will ignore it.

Additional Resources